Category: Open body language

Aggressive body language, Arrogance or arrogant body language, Authoritative body language, Confident body language, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, Gravity defying body language, High confidence body language, Open body language

Body Language of Hooding or The Catapult

by Chris • October 23, 2014 • 0 Comments

Body Language of Hooding or The Catapult

Cue: Hooding or The Catapult.

Synonym(s): Full Body Steeple, Catapult (The), Interlaced Hands Behind The Head.

Description: Hooding is a body posture that occurs by placing both hands up and clasped behind the head, elbows back, and chest puffed out while in a seated position. Think of making a hood with your arms and hands.

In One Sentence: Hooding is a posture signaling high dominance.

How To Use it: Use hooding to expand the body and make it appear larger than it is in reality. This will be viewed by others as dominance and confidence therefore it should be reserved for higher ranking individuals who will not be challenged by others.

Bosses, should feel free to assert their dominance with the hooding posture, whereas lower ranking employees should not.

Women should generally not carry the posture due to its high perceived dominance. When done by women it can appear overbearing. If women do choose to do it, they should be expecting to be viewed as capable of backing their dominance with not only verbal counterarguments, but also supportive action. When dominance lacks substance it is viewed in a negative light rather than a positive one.

Context: General.

Verbal Translation: “I’m so dominant and confident that I’m placing my hands on my head where they can’t be used for defense, splaying wide open and taking up a bunch of space and leaning back to be comfortable.”

Variant: See Military Man or Regal Stance and Cowboy Pose Stance for two similarly dominant postures.

Cue In Action: The boss was cocky and confident. When meeting with employees he always placed his hands up behind his head and leaned back in his chair. When the owner of the company showed up and surprised him, he quickly shot forward, took his hands off the back of his head and made a point of shaking hands with him. He didn’t get back to his hooding posture until the owner was safely out of the office.

Meaning and/or Motivation: Hooding or interlaced hands behind the head is an extremely dominant and possibly arrogant, self-satisfied, even threatening display.

The arms behind the head posture shows arrogance because it openly exposes the body to attack through its expansiveness. Dominant people don’t worry about being attacked and often show this confidence by overexposing themselves and their vulnerable areas to challengers.

The full body steeple is common to professionals such as lawyers, accountants, managers, bosses, and others that feel more superior then their counterparts.

Hooding can be used to intimidate others, or convey a relaxed, cocky disposition, but as always, body language needs to be taken in context. The accompanying dialogue will help tell us what is really going on.

Professionals, such as lawyers, accountants, managers, bosses, and others that tend to take their superiority to higher levels than the rest of us, will be seen using the full body steeple. This is the hooding posture coupled with a figure four leg cross and leaning back in the chair.

Cue Cluster: When seated hooding is coupled with body leaning backward with the legs spread wide open we have a very dominant crotch display. The postures is completed by combining it with the figure-four-leg cross which happens by placing the ankle of the opposite foot across the knee.

Body Language Category: Arrogance or arrogant body language, Aggressive body language, Authoritative body language, Confident body language, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, Gravity defying body language, High confidence body language, Open body language.

Resources:

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Emotional body language, Honest body language, Liking, Open body language

Body Language of Honest Smile or Duchenne Smile

by Chris • October 23, 2014 • 0 Comments

Body Language of Honest Smile or Duchenne Smile

Cue: Honest Smile or Duchenne Smile

Synonym(s): Duchenne Smile, Felt Smile, Broad Smile, Smiling Eyes

Description: This smile is called the honest smile and its giveaway is the appearance of crow’s feet at the corner of the eyes. The orbicularis oculi muscles surround the eyes contract when happy emotions are present. The zygomatic muscles, around the mouth, on the other hand, are consciously controlled and can be a giveaway to a false smile, as does the presences of asymmetry.

In One Sentence: The Duchenne is an honestly felt smile indicating true happiness.

How To Use it: Research has found that with practice many people can actually replicate the characteristics of the “true smile” to fool casual observers. Honest smiles should be the default smile as it will create the most warmth and trust in others.

The exception of course, is when one does not wish to welcome people closer. A polite smile is better suited for such occasions.

Should a woman wish to repel men in a dating context, an honest smile would be counterproductive. A polite smile can be used in its stead and tell him nonverbally, that, while the offer is appreciated, no mutual feelings exist.

To perform the Duchenne smile, be sure to flex the muscles surrounding the eye to produce crow’s feet. Practice this in the mirror.

Context: General

Verbal Translation: “I’m so overjoyed that my eyes are lighting up with happiness – it’s as if my eyes are smiling.”

Variant: A broad smile occurs when the teeth are made visible. See Smiling, Fear Smile, Friendly Smile, Frown (the) or Downturned Smile, Honest Smile or Duchenne Smile, Jaw Drop Smile, Nervous Smile, Polite Smile (the), Uneven Smile Or Lopsided Smile, Upper Lip Smile, Artificial Smile or Fake Smile, Nervous Smile, Honest Smile or Duchenne Smile, Contempt Facial Expression.

Cue In Action: a) Despite holding her laugh in, her eyes crinkled into crows feet. b) Wrinkles formed at the edges of her eyes – she had smiling eyes. c) The con artist gave himself away. When he smiled, his jaw dropped, but no wrinkles formed at the edges of his eyes.

Meaning and/or Motivation: The Duchenne smile is a “true smile.” It is honest and due to true feelings of joy. The gaze is relaxed and the smile is intended to convey joy and pleasure. It is difficult to replicate these smiles without being truly amused or in good company as the muscles are usually out of our conscious control. Therefore, this is a smile that is not easily faked making it a reliable indicator.

The Duchenne Smile draws its name from the French researcher Guillaume Duchenne who used electrodiagnostics and electrical stimulation to distinguish between real and fake smiles.

Cue Cluster: Duchenne smiles will be coupled with other open and relaxed body language such as arms uncrossed, palms up and gesturing, relaxed gaze, ample gesticulation, increased proximity, orienting toward a person, and so forth.

Body Language Category: Honest body language, Open body language, Liking, Emotional body language.

Resources:

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Vigil, J. M. (2009). A socio-relational framework of sex differences in the expression of emotion. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 32, 375–428.

Walsh, D. G., & Hewitt, J. (1985). Giving Men The Come-On: Effect Of Eye Contact And Smiling In A Bar Environment. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 61, 873-874.

*No Photo, Friendship touching or friendly touching, Intimate touching, Open body language, Ownership gesture, Rapport or rapport building, Readiness to submit postures, Submissive body language

Body Language of The Head Touch (by others)

by Chris • October 23, 2014 • 0 Comments

Body Language of The Head Touch (by others)

Cue: Head Touch (by others)

Synonym(s): Touching Someone’s Head, Hair Ruffle, Kissing The Head.

Description: When one person touches the head of another person.

In One Sentence: Touching the head of another is a sign of dominance.

How To Use it: Touch the head of others when you believe that you have a strong bond with them and want to maintain or solidify this relationship. Never touch the head of a person you feel does not trust you as this will produce suspicion or even contempt. Intimate couples can, and should, freely touch each other and part of this involves touching and stroking areas of the face and head. A dad can playfully ruffle his son’s hair to show that they are bonded together. It is also an expression of the father’s dominance over the son.

Context: General.

Verbal Translation: “I am more dominant than you permitting me to touch your vulnerable head. You heed my dominance and are willing to trust that I will not harm you.”

Variant: The hair might be ruffled, the head patted, or the head kissed. See Guiding Body Language.

Cue In Action: a) After returning form work, he found his son playing quietly with a video game. He snuck up behind and kissed him on the head and ruffled his hair to show his affection. b) The Pope made the sign of the cross on her forehead. c) After a long day at work, he massaged her head to show affection. d) After scoring a goal, the hockey players patted each other on top of their head.

Meaning and/or Motivation: The head is a very personal and vulnerable area of the body. Allowing others to touch the head is reserved for close relatives and intimate partners. Thus, head touching is a sign of a deep bond and trust between two people.

A Dad might ruffle his son’s hair or a wife might massage her husbands head to demonstrate affection. Kissing the head is a way a mom shows her daughter that she cares and is willing to protect her.

A subordinate employee would never touch the head of his boss but leaders of religious organizations will frequently touch the heads of their congregation.

Cue Cluster: The head touch is a cue that does not require additional cues for support.

Body Language Category: Friendship touching or friendly touching, Intimate touching, Open body language, Ownership gesture, Rapport or rapport building, Readiness to submit postures, Submissive body language.

Resources:

Bohm. 1997. Effects of interpersonal touch, degree of justification, and sex of participant on compliance with a request. The Journal of social psychology. 137: 460-469.

Debrot, Anik ; Schoebi, Dominik ; Perrez, Meinrad ; Horn, Andrea B. Touch as an interpersonal emotion regulation process in couples’ daily lives: the mediating role of psychological intimacy. Personality & social psychology bulletin. 2013. 9(10): 1373-85.

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Willis, Frank N. , Jr. ; Dodds, Rebecca A. Age, relationship, and touch initiation. The Journal of Social Psychology. 1998. 138(1). 115(9).

Amplifier, Attentive body language, Body size reduction, Courtship display, Indicator of interest (IoI), Indicator Of Sexual Interest (IOsI), Liking, Open body language, Undivided attention (nonverbal)

Body Language of Head Tilted or Head Cocked To The Side

by Chris • October 23, 2014 • 0 Comments

Body Language of Head Tilted or Head Cocked To The Side

Cue: Head Tilted or Head Cocked To The Side

Synonym(s): Canting The Head, Cocking The Head, Head Tilted At Forty Five Degrees, Head Cocked, Head Canting.

Description: The head tilt happens by tilting the head at forty-five degrees. It is much more commonly held by woman and children, than by men.

In One Sentence: Having the head titled to the side indicates sincere interest and curiosity.

How To Use it: Tilt the head to the side whenever you want to show someone that what they are saying fascinates you. Use this when you want the speaker to see your admiration in a nonverbal way. Men and woman can both use this to encourage each other to share more information.

Women can use the head tilt in a dating context to show men that they are submissive as the head tilt reveals the vulnerable neck. Thus, the posture, is particularly alluring.

Context: a) General b) Dating.

Verbal Translation: a) “I like what I’m hearing so I’m canting my head to the side in sincere interest and amusement.” b) “I’m trying to gain your sympathy and protectiveness so I’m appearing childlike and vulnerable so you will want to be my protector.”

Variant: Men will normally cant their heads by raising the chin slightly whereas women prefer to lower their chins coupled with the head tilted upward. It is thought that women wish to send a more childlike image with their head cant, in order to elicit a protective response in men. When men tilt their heads it usually signifies interest and recognition of others and their ideas. See Forehead Bow (The), Head On.

Cue In Action: a) The audience was totally engaged after he opened with some interesting and surprising facts about how he overcame bullying. b) She wanted to score a date with a particularly handsome and wealthy man so she really fired on the charm. She tossed her head to the side revealing her neck, cocked her head, look up at him and smiled coyly.

Meaning and/or Motivation: a) People and animals both incline their heads slightly when they are interested, attentive, or curious. You might have seen a dog twist his head to the side when puzzled by something a person has done. The head cant is a universal signal of interest and attentive listening. When women cant their heads, it depicts appeasement and submission and when men cant their heads they demonstrate recognition. Women also display their necks during their head tilt in order to appear more vulnerable and less threatening.

b) This is a submissive gesture and normally performed by women. The head tilt happens by tilting the head at forty-five degrees and delivering eye contact in a come hither type, coy, teasing, type look with plenty of neck exposure. It makes women appear more childlike and helpless, and evokes protective feelings in men. Its primary motive is to expose vulnerable parts of the body, the neck, to show submission and trust in a man’s dominance.

Cue Cluster: The head cant is normally coupled with eye contact toward the person showing interest coupled with relaxed facial expression and smiling gently.

Body Language Category: Amplifier, Attentive body language, Body size reduction, Courtship display, Indicator of interest (IoI), Indicators of sexual interest (IOsI), Liking, Open body language, Undivided attention (nonverbal).

Resources:

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Attentive body language, Open body language

Body Language of Head On

by Chris • October 23, 2014 • 0 Comments

Body Language of Head On

Cue: Head On.

Synonym(s): Head Level.

Description: When the head is vertically upright. It is neither tilted left, right, back or down.

In One Sentence: Having the head upright, neither tilted left nor right, is a passive listening head orientation.

How To Use it: Use the head on listening position to show others that you are paying attention, but unlike when the head is tilted, you aren’t particularly interested. This head orientation is useful for when you want to show others that you are taking in what is being said, but that what is being said is not exactly peaking your curiosity.

Context: General.

Verbal Translation: “I’m listening to what you are saying but I’m not particularly interested nor am I particularly disinterested. In fact, I’m just passively listening.”

Variant: See Head Tilted or Head Cocked To The Side.

Cue In Action: The speaker looked out at the crowd and saw a mixture of heads cocked to the side and some head on, so he knew only half of his audience was engaged.

Meaning and/or Motivation: The head straight on and level indicates passive listening.

The cue signals neither active listening such as when tilted at forty five degrees nor submission, contempt or scorn (down), nor dominance, superiority, haughty (up). The cue means that a person is listening to what’s being said, but that they aren’t particularly interested or disinterested.

Cue Cluster: The eyes are sometimes focused, sometimes unfocused. The head might bob up and down if trying to maintain concentration, the body might be slightly slumped but still engaged.

Body Language Category: Attentive, Open body language.

Resources:

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Amplifier, Appease, Childlike playfulness, Emotional body language, Open body language, Open facial gestures

Body Language of Happiness And Joy

by Chris • October 22, 2014 • 0 Comments

Body Language of Happiness And Joy

Cue: Happiness And Joy

Synonym(s): Joy, Happiness Facial Expression.

Description: Happiness is a combination of the happiness facial expression and associated happy body language.

The eyebrows are slightly raised forcing the eyelids to crinkle and show crows feet, eyes may sometimes narrow, the corners of the lips curl upward, the lips sometimes part to show upper teeth, cheeks puff up and bulge. See how a real smile is coupled with other body language in the cue cluster to produce happiness and joy.

In One Sentence: Happiness body language is a way the body shows other people that good things are going on inside a person’s mind, usually as a result of good things going on outside of their body.

How To Use it: Use joyful nonverbal expressions when you want others to see you in a positive light. Happiness is read by others as a sign of good health, prosperity and a good mental disposition. At times, healthy body language can be feigned in order to attract better quality partners, to make others jealous, or to hide insecurity. Some experts advocate faking positive body language as they believe that the body has a powerful influence over the mind (and vice versa). Therefore, moving the body is more joyful ways can sometimes produce desire emotional results. A joyful expression is also frequently contagious and copied in others. This gives the initiator of the happiness message a positive halo effect.

Context: General.

Verbal Translation: “I’m so happy my face is opening up to the whole world and my eyes are crinkling and smiling too. My teeth are bared as my mouth opens with joy.”

Variant: See Artificial Smile or Fake Smile to compare a real simile to a fake one as well as the Honest Smile or Duchenne Smile.

Cue In Action: You just knew she wasn’t faking it, her body was vibrating with joy and happiness, her face was beaming, her body was open and flowing.

Meaning and/or Motivation: Happiness is motivated by internal hormones, buffered and released by, external stimuli to create a body that is open, flowing, and beaming.

Happiness means that good things are happening to a person or that they are making good things happen to them. At times, negative things do happen, but a person who resists being negatively affected by them, shows a positive rather than pessimistic affect and one who is able to work through hardship. This is the exact opposite to those who view life pessimistically that look for the negative in all situations and expect good outcomes to be only temporary.

Cue Cluster: Watch for open body language such as arms and legs uncrossed, tension to be erased from the face, the eyes will twinkle, laugh lines appear in the corner of the eyes, cheeks raise and the teeth expose,

Body Language Category: Amplifier, Appease, Childlike playfulness, Emotional body language, Open body language, Open facial gestures.

Resources:

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Authoritative body language, Confident body language, Dominant body language, Enthusiasm (nonverbal), Excited body language, Expansive movements, Gravity defying body language, High confidence body language, Leadership body language, Open body language, Palm power, Rapport or rapport building, Remotivating gesture

Body Language of Finger Spreading

by Chris • October 21, 2014 • 0 Comments

Body Language of Finger Spreading

Cue: Finger Spreading

Synonym(s): Finger Spreader (The)

Description: The hands are held out and fingers splayed apart facing palm to the audience.

In One Sentence: Spreading the fingers is a way to capture the attention of other people like a large embrace.

How To Use it: Spread the fingers out when trying to connect with a wide audience. Use the posture to show others that you are confident and willing to embrace them fully and have the dominance to put yourself out on full display. This posture is best used during presentations to a large audience.

Context: General.

Verbal Translation: “I’m spreading my fingers and extending my arms to try to touch and feel each one of you, connect with you, and massage my ideas into your minds.”

Variant: See Baton Gesture, Finger Pointing.

Cue In Action: The presenter spreads his fingers and extends his arms as he tries to explain his concept. His desire to connect demonstrates authority, confidence, dominance and enthusiasm.

Meaning and/or Motivation: This is an attempt to make contact with the entire audience.

Cue Cluster: N/A

Body Language Category: Authoritative body language, Confident body language, Dominant body language, Enthusiasm (nonverbal), Expansive movements, Excited, Gravity defying body language, High confidence body language, Leadership body language, Open body language, Palm power, Rapport or rapport building, Remotivating.

Resources:

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Arrogance or arrogant body language, Authoritative body language, Blocking or Shielding, Body cross, Confident body language, Crotch display, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, Open body language

Body Language of Figure Four Seating Position (The) or The Ankle-Knee Cross

by Chris • October 21, 2014 • 1 Comment

Body Language of Figure Four Seating Position (The) or The Ankle-Knee Cross

Cue: Figure Four Seating Position (The) or The Ankle-Knee Cross

Synonym(s): Ankle-Knee Cross (The)

Description: This body position occurs as one leg is bent, oriented horizontally and pulled over the opposite knee, to form the number four. The leg produces a figure four when viewed from above.

In One Sentence: The figure four leg cross is a dominant and authoritative posture meant to showcase the groin area.

How To Use it: Use the figure four leg cross to show that you are not afraid of being exposed to others but not crass enough for a full uncrossed leg posture. It is generally ill-advised for women to hold this posture as it is masculine in nature, however, in some circles, it can be seen as acceptable but only if pants are worn. It is most certainly is not advisable for women to hold the posture with skirts or dresses of any kind.

The posture finds a welcome place in business and dating where men are working to assert their dominance over others. The figure four is even acceptable amongst friends and is a more tolerated dominance display than is legs uncrossed.

Context: General.

Verbal Translation: “I’m feeling good about myself. I’m dominant, authoritative, and not afraid to put my genitals on display – but not totally be spreading my legs apart – I still need a bit of a shield.”

Variant: See Figure Four Leg Clamp or Figure Four Leg Lock.

Cue In Action: People knew the guy was arrogant and smug. He’d sit there with his arms up against the back of his head ‘hooding’, with his legs cross ankle over knee leaning backward in his chair. Even when the boss was around, he wouldn’t drop the posture.

Meaning and/or Motivation: It is more or less an open posture and should be taken as a mild version of the crotch display since the legs are open. This posture is milder because it doesn’t fully expose the crotch since one leg partially blocks the genitals from view.

Women aren’t normally seen in this posture, but since wearing pants have become more popular recently, it does tend to happen more often than it has in the recent past. When performed by women, it is as an attempt to be one of the boys. The figure four tells us that a person is relaxed and youthful, (mature gentlemen are seen with a full leg cross, or European Leg Cross where the legs end up parallel to one another) and dominant.

Cue Cluster: The figure four leg cross can be accompanied by the hooding posture or the leg clamp by placing the hand on the ankle or shin to show even more stubbornness.

Body Language Category: Arrogance or arrogant body language, Authoritative body language, Body cross, Blocking or Shielding, Confident body language, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, Open body language, Crotch display.

Resources:

Arnette, S. L., & Pettijohn, T. F., II. (2012). The effects of posture on self-perceived leadership. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3, 8–13.

Briñol, P., Petty, R. E., & Wagner, B. (2009). Body posture effects on self-evaluation: A self-validation approach. European Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 1053–1064.

Bartholomewn, Morgan E.; Sheri L. Johnson. Nonverbal Dominance Behavior Among Individuals at Risk for Mania. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2014. 159: 133-138.

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Chance RMA (1962) An interpretation of some agonistic postures: the role of “cut-off” acts and postures. Symp Zool Soc Lond 8: 71–89.

Cashdan, Elizabeth. Smiles, Speech, and Body Posture: How Women and Men Display Sociometric Status and Power. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior. 1998. 22(4): 209-228.

Carney, Dana R.; Amy J.C. Cuddy; Andy J. Yap. Power Posing: Brief Nonverbal Displays Affect Neuroendocrine Levels and Risk Tolerance. Psychological Science, 2010; 21 (10): 1363-1368. http://bodylanguageproject.com/articles/benefits-power-posing-high-stakes-performance/

Cesario, J., & McDonald, M. M. (2013). Bodies in context: Power poses as a computation of action possibility. Social Cognition, 31, 260–274.

Carney, Dana R.; Amy J.C. Cuddy; Andy J. Yap. Power Posing: Brief Nonverbal Displays Affect Neuroendocrine Levels and Risk Tolerance. Psychological Science, 2010; 21 (10): 1363-1368.

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Lee, E. H., & Schnall, S. (2014). The influence of social power on weight perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143, 1719–1725.

Michalak, J., Mischnat, J., & Teismann, T. (2014). Sitting posture makes a difference: Embodiment effects on depressive memory bias. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 21, 519–524.

LaFrance, M. (1979). Nonverbal synchrony and rapport: Analysis by the cross-lag panel technique. Social Psychology Quarterly, 42, 66-70.

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Meier, B.P., Robinson, M.D., & Caven, A.J. (in press). Why a big mac is a good mac: Associations between affect and size. Basic and Applied Social Psychology.

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Mehrabian, A. (1968) Inference of attitudes from the posture, orientation, and distance of a communicator. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 32, 296–308.

Mehrabian, A. (1969). Significance of posture and position in the communication of attitude and status relationship. Psychological Bulletin, 71, 359–372.

Mehrabian, Albert Deese, James (editor). Significance of posture and position in the communication of attitude and status relationships. Psychological Bulletin. 1969. 71(5): 359-372.

Mouterde, S. C., Duganzich, D. M., Molles, L. E., Helps, S., Helps, R., & Waas, J. R. (2012). Triumph displays inform eavesdropping little blue penguins of new dominance asymmetries. Animal Behaviour, 83, 605–611.

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Riskind, J. H., & Gotay, C. C. (1982). Physical posture: Could it have regulatory or feedback effects upon motivation and emotion? Motivation and Emotion, 6, 273–296.

Ranehill, Eva; Anna Dreber; Magnus Johannesson; Susanne Leiberg; Sunhae Sul and Roberto A. Weber. Assessing the Robustness of Power Posing: No Effect on Hormones and Risk Tolerance in a Large Sample of Men and Women. Psychological Science, March, 2015. doi: 10.1177/0956797614553946
http://bodylanguageproject.com/articles/power-posing-no-effect-hormones-amy-cuddy-wrong/

Riskind, J. H. (1984). They stoop to conquer: Guiding and selfregulatory functions of physical posture after success and failure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 479–493.

Riskind, J. H., & Gotay, C. C. (1982). Physical posture: Could it have regulatory or feedback effects on motivation and emotion? Motivation and Emotion, 6, 273–298.

Stepper, S., & Strack, F. (1993). Proprioceptive determinants of emotional and nonemotional feelings. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 211–220.

Strelan, P., Weick, M., & Vasiljevic, M. (2013). Power and revenge. British Journal of Social Psychology, 53, 521–540.

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Schwartz, B., Tesser, A., & Powell, E. (1982). Dominance cues in nonverbal behavior. Social Psychology Quarterly, 45, 114–120.

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Tamir, M., Robinson, M. D., Clore, G. L., Martin, L. L., & Whitaker, D. J. (2004). Are we puppets on a string? The contextual meaning of unconscious expressive cues. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 237–249.

Tracy, J. L., & Robins, R. W. (2004). Show your pride: Evidence for a discrete emotion expression. Psychological Science, 15, 194–197.

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Amplifier, Excited body language, Eye Language, Happiness body language, Open body language

Body Language of Eye Flash, Eye Pop and Flashbulb Eyes

by Chris • October 21, 2014 • 0 Comments

Body Language of Eye Flash, Eye Pop and Flashbulb Eyes

Cue: Eye Flash, Eye Pop and Flashbulb Eyes

Synonym(s): Flashbulb Eyes, Eye Pop.

Description: The eye flash lasts on average for only 0.75 seconds and is a momentary widening of the eyelids during a conversation. The widening is usually wide enough to reveal the sclera. Sclera is the white area surrounding the iris. The eyebrows usually arch in unison as well to make the eyes appear even larger.

In One Sentence: The eye flash is a signal used to display emotional excitement during expressive conversation.

How To Use it: Pop the eyes whenever you want to add a nonverbal exclamation to spoken words. For example, force your eyes to pop when delivering positive or exciting news to friends or relatives. Women can generally use this expression best as it usually fits in better with women’s overall expressivity. However, men can also add the occasional eye pop to signal sarcasm. When you pop your eyes, think “Oh my God!”

Context: General.

Verbal Translation: “I’m so excited that my eyes are popping open with emotion and excitement.”

Variant: N/A

Cue In Action: a) It had been a while since they had seen each other. When they turned the corner, their eyes popped open with excitement as they took each other into full view. b) He opened his first holiday bonus to see a big fat cheque. His eyes popped open with excitement. c) On the first date, she showed her excitement. She told stories while popping her eyes open.

Meaning and/or Motivation: The eyeflash when given by a speaker, emphasizes specific words being spoken and can serve to change the meaning of a given word or phrase. It normally accompanies adjectives rather than any other parts of speech. Women use it more often them men. The eye pop makes the eyes burst with emotion and is usually done to indicate surprise and positive emotions.

Cue Cluster: Open body language such as palms up, smiling, arms animated and excited while moving with speech.

Body Language Category: Amplifier, Eye Language, Excited body language, Happiness, Open body language.

Resources:

Ariel, Robert and Castel, Alan. Eyes wide open: enhanced pupil dilation when selectively studying important information. Experimental Brain Research, 2014. 232(1):.337-344.

Bijleveld E, Custers R, Aarts H (2009) The unconscious eye opener: pupil size reveals strategic recruitment of resources upon presentation of subliminal reward cues. Psychol Sci 20:1313–1315

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Ekman, Paul, Wallace V. Friesen, and Sylvan S. Tomkins (1971). “Facial Affect Scoring Technique: A First Validity Study.” In Semiotica (Vol. 3), pp. 37-58.

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Lee, Daniel H ; Susskind, Joshua M ; Anderson, Adam K. Social Transmission of the Sensory Benefits of Eye Widening in Fear Expressions. Psychological Science. 2013. 24(6): 957-965.

Ludden, G. D. S., Schifferstein, H. N. J., & Hekkert, P. (2009). Visual–tactual incongruities in products as sources of surprise. Empirical Studies of the Arts, 27, 63–89.

Mondloch, Catherine J. ; Horner, Matthew ; Mian, Jasmine. Wide Eyes and Drooping Arms: Adult-Like Congruency Effects Emerge Early in the Development of Sensitivity to Emotional Faces and Body Postures. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. 2013. 114(2): 203-216.

Provine, Robert R., Jessica Nave-Blodgett and Marcello O. Cabrera. The Emotional Eye: Red Sclera as a Uniquely Human Cue of Emotion. Ethology. 2013a. 119: 993–998. doi: 10.1111/eth.12144

Provine, Robert R.; Marcello O. Cabrera and Jessica Nave-Blodgett. Red, Yellow, and Super-White Sclera Uniquely Human Cues for Healthiness, Attractiveness, and Age. Human Nature. 2013. 24:126–136. DOI 10.1007/s12110-013-9168-x

Provine, R. R., Cabrera, M. O. and Nave-Blodgett, J. 2013c: Binocular symmetry / asymmetry of scleral redness as a cue for sadness, healthiness, and attractiveness in
humans. Evol. Psychol. 11, 873-884.

Provine, R. R., Cabrera, M. O., Brocato, N. W. and Krosnowski, K. A. 2011: When the whites of the eyes are red: a uniquely human cue. Ethology 117, 1—5.

Reisenzein, R. (2000). Exploring the strength of association between the components of emotion syndromes: the case of surprise. Cognition and Emotion, 14, 1–38.

Reisenzein, R., Bördgen, S., Holtbernd, T., & Matz, D. (2006). Evidence for strong dissociation between emotion and facial displays: the case of surprise. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 295–315.

Reisenzein, R., & Studtmann, M. (2007). On the expression and experience of surprise: no evidence for facial feedback, but evidence for a reverse self-inference effect. Emotion, 7, 612–627.

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Confident body language, Courtship display, Crotch display, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, High confidence body language, Indicator Of Sexual Interest (IOsI), Open body language

Body Language Of The Cowboy Pose Stance

by Chris • October 20, 2014 • 0 Comments

Body Language Of The Cowboy Pose Stance

Cue: The Cowboy Pose Stance

Synonym(s): Male Crotch Display (The), The Standing Crotch Display, Thumbs In Belt Loops, Framing The Genitals.

Description: This posture happens by placing the thumbs in the waistband/belt/belt loops with the remaining fingers pointed downwards towards the crotch.

In One Sentence: Placing the hands in the loops of the belt is a dominance display serving to draw attention to the groin area.

How To Use it: Use this posture to show that you are in control and are self-assured. While the cue is generally permissible for men, it should be used cautiously by women. While men derive much of their power from their genitals, it can appear overly crass when done by women. However, in recent times, the gesture has been more acceptable for women of the West.

If women should wish to adopt a ‘near-posture’ they should consider aiming their fingers backwards such that they point to their buttocks, thus drawing attention backwards. When done facing children, it will have the affect of appearing dominant, but inquisitive.

Men can boost their dominance further by propping up their leg on the cross-brace of a chair. This puts their genitals on full display.

Context: General.

Verbal Translation: “I’m dominant and in charge and to prove that I’m going to lock my thumbs in my belt loops with the rest of my fingers pointed toward my genitals – notice them!” “There are issues here”, “Things are not right”, “I’m standing my ground” or “I’m a virile male so check me out!”

Variant: See Arms Akimbo, Leg Spreading.

Cue In Action: While standing at the bar he put his fingers into his belt loops and faced away from the bar. He was sending a broadcast signal to the room hoping to attract some sexual attention.

Meaning and/or Motivation: The cowboy pose was popularized by old western movies. Cowboys would use a combination of this posture and the hands on hips (or arms akimbo) to show how macho they were. Because it draws attention to the crotch, it is infrequently used by women.

When women are seen holding the posture they will hold their hands on their hips and point their fingers to their buttocks rather than to their genitals. Pointing therefore, puts emphasis on our best assets while we state our case. Fingers pointed backwards as women do, is perceived as more of an inquisitive posture than an authoritarian one. It also draws less attention to the genital area which is not normally associated with a source of power and dominance.

A second version of the crotch display is to keep the legs spread open where the hand may be found on the inside of the thigh in a “ready position” or propped up on a knee (The Captain Morgan). These signals are less of a sexual invitation than they are signal of their dominance over others in the room, which in and of itself, makes them appear more attractive to women.

Cue Cluster: The cowboy pose is accompanied by head held high, rigid posture, a stern or confident face, reduced gesticulation, legs spread at or wider than shoulder width and other confident indicators.

Body Language Category: Courtship displays, Confident, Crotch display, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, High confidence body language, Indicators of sexual interest (IOsI), Open body language.

Resources:

Arnette, S. L., & Pettijohn, T. F., II. (2012). The effects of posture on self-perceived leadership. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3, 8–13.

Briñol, P., Petty, R. E., & Wagner, B. (2009). Body posture effects on self-evaluation: A self-validation approach. European Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 1053–1064.

Bartholomewn, Morgan E.; Sheri L. Johnson. Nonverbal Dominance Behavior Among Individuals at Risk for Mania. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2014. 159: 133-138.

Cashdan, Elizabeth. Smiles, Speech, and Body Posture: How Women and Men Display Sociometric Status and Power. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior. 1998. 22(4): 209-228.

Cesario, J., & McDonald, M. M. (2013). Bodies in context: Power poses as a computation of action possibility. Social Cognition, 31, 260–274.

Cuddy, A. J. C., Wilmuth, C., Yap, A. J., & Carney, D. R. (in press). Preparatory power posing affects nonverbal presence and job interview performance. Journal of Applied Psychology.

Lee Ann Renninger, T. Joel Wade, Karl Grammer. Getting that female glance: Patterns and consequences of male nonverbal behavior in courtship contexts. Evolution and Human Behavior. 2004; 25: 416–431.
http://bodylanguageproject.com/articles/part-i-how-to-read-male-sexual-body-language-a-study-for-women-and-the-men-who-wish-to-cheat-the-system/