Category: Leadership body language

Authoritative body language, Confident body language, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, Gravity defying body language, High confidence body language, Leadership body language, Up nonverbals

Body Language of Erect Posture or Good Posture

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Body Language of Erect Posture or Good Posture

BodyLanguageProjectCom - Erect Posture or Good Posture 1Cue: Erect Posture or Good Posture.

Synonym(s): Postural Tonus, Good Posture, High Stand Display.

Description: Good posture happens when the joints are not bent, the spine is aligned and not twisted and the person is able to optimally balance the mass of the body over its framework without stress.

In One Sentence: Good posture signifies health, confidence, pride, dominance and a body that is in control of itself.

How To Use it: Use good posture to tell others that life is treating you well and that you have conquered past hardships without letting it weigh you down. Good posture should be a default body position as it works to your advantage in nearly every situation. However, in some cases, you may wish to use bad posture such as when trying to convince others to provide you with sympathy. In this case, being slumped over is likely to best provide that kind of support.

Therefore, use good posture when trying to appear authoritative such as when trying to rise in the ranks in employment, in view of a dating partner to show virility, and amongst friends to show them you are in good spirits.

Context: General.

Verbal Translation: “Because life has treated me well I hold an erect posture full of confidence and pride.”

Variant: See Cocooning, Shoulder Shrugs or Shoulder Rise, Asymmetry, Bad Posture.

Cue In Action: Mark carried his body with pride. His shoulders were back and chest held high. You just knew looking at him that he would never let life dictate how he felt about himself and he would overcome any obstacle in his way on his way to success.

Meaning and/or Motivation: A gravity defying body posture where the head is raised, legs locked and back stiffened in order to appear taller with high vigor.

It signifies a desire to appear more dominant, authoritative, and in control.

Posture is a term derived from the Latin verb “ponere” meaning “to put in place” and refers to the way the body is held including the arms, legs and spine. Posture refers not only to the erectness of our bodies, but also to our body orientation, direction of lean, and the degree to which our bodies are open and inviting.

Posture tells us a lot about a person and their history and feelings about themselves and how they feel about others. For example, shoulders hunched carries negative sentiments whereas shoulders back mean confidence. Posture can give way to feelings of like or dislike, interest or disinterest as well as many other sentiments.

Postural tonus is a term referring to the relative rigidity and erectness of the body and its overall posture. A “slopper” holds his shoulders rounded and head hanging downward proving to be depressed, drowsy or ill. Whereas “the scout” carries himself fully erect with shoulders back and head held high depicting confidence and good spirit. Having an erect posture is a sign of high confidence, strength and vigor. People with erect postures are seen as leaders, content and positive. Erect posture contrasts a slouched or limp posture.

Cue Cluster: Other positive cues are associated with an erect posture such as strong eye contact, good gesticulation, open body language such as arms uncrossed and legs open, as well as relaxed facial expressions.

Body Language Category: Authoritative body language, Confident body language, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, Gravity defying body language, High confidence body language, Leadership body language, Up nonverbals.

Resources:

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*No Photo, Aggressive body language, Arrogance or arrogant body language, Authoritative body language, Confident body language, Dominant body language, Enthusiasm (nonverbal), High confidence hand displays, Intimate touching, Leadership body language, Palm power, Power play, Social touching

Body Language of Double Gripper Politician Handshake

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Body Language of Double Gripper Politician Handshake

No picCue: Double Gripper Politician Handshake

Synonym(s): Double Hander Handshake, Two Handed Handshake.

Description: A regular handshake except both hands are used to sandwich the other person’s hand.

In One Sentence: The double gripper handshake tells others that you wish to form an intimate business relationship.

How To Use it: Use the double gripper handshake to build and maintain a strong business or political relationship. The handshake is best used between two high ranking officials, or between one high ranking official and a person he wishes to form a partnership with. When done correctly, the handshake can create warm feelings in the lower ranking person.

Context: Business, General.

Verbal Translation: “I like you a lot, let me wrap your hands up with mine in a hand embrace and show you how much I think we should do business together.”

Variant: See Country Handshake (The), Cold Dead Wet Fish Handshake, Double Gripper Politician Handshake or Double Hander (The), Short Grabber/Finger Grabber Handshake, Oddball Handshake, Palm Up, Palm Down and Palm Even Handshakes, Stiff Arm And Thrust Forward Handshake, Death Grip Handshake, Wrench Forward Handshake, Undershaker Handshake, Wrist Hold Handshake, Wrist Hold Handshake and Upper Arm Grip Handshake, Limp Fish Handshake, Teacup Handshake, Arm Twister Handshake (The), Firm handshake, Fist Bumping.

Cue In Action: a) When the politician met the business man, he used the double gripper politician handshake to show him how much support he was prepared to offer his business venture if he was elected. b) The junior associate shook hands with the boss, whom he felt close with, but the feeling, he discovered, was not mutual. When the junior worker enveloped the hands of the boss in a double handshake, his boss pulled away and grimaced. The junior member felt they had developed a connection through their golf outing.

Meaning and/or Motivation: It is an intimate handshake but in the wrong company can be taken as insincere and create negative feelings. The person doing the double hander is the top-dog and is acting superior to the single hander so this handshake should be reserved for people who are of equal or lower status.

Cue Cluster: Someone who is willing to perform the double gripper politician handshake is likely one that is boisterous and outgoing, they may use touch a lot to dominate others, they might come in closer than usual, and invite people into their personal space, they might strive for attention through dramatics stories, loud laughter, and plenty of gesticulation.

Body Language Category: Arrogance or arrogant body language, Aggressive body language, Authoritative body language, Confident body language, Dominant body language, Enthusiasm (nonverbal), High confidence hand displays, Intimate touching, Leadership body language, Palm power, Power play, Social touching.

Resources:

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Dolcos, Sanda ; Sung, Keen ; Argo, Jennifer J ; Flor-Henry, Sophie ; Dolcos, Florin. The power of a handshake: neural correlates of evaluative judgments in observed social interactions. Journal of cognitive neuroscience. 2012 24(12): 2292-305.

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Authoritative body language, Crotch display, Dominant body language, Leadership body language, Relaxed body language

Body Language of The Dominant Stance

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Body Language of The Dominant Stance

BodyLanguageProjectCom - Dominant Male Stance (The) 1Cue: Dominant Stance (The)

Synonym(s): N/A

Description: A stance where the feet lie flat on the ground, weight is across both feet, the arms are placed to the side rather than in pockets and hands do not prop up against a wall or table. The hips are forced forward slight, with the legs just wider than shoulder width.

In One Sentence: Standing with the feet even and stable shows others that one is in control of one’s body and prepared to stand one’s ground.

How To Use it: Use the dominant stance to show other that you are ready for action and also ready to stand your ground. A wide base shows others that you are confident. The cue is useful in many situations so as when pitching ideas in business, or for men, in dating, when trying to seduce. Those in charge of groups of people including various leaders should use a dominant stance nearly all of the time. This will help them gain and hold authority.

Context: General

Verbal Translation: “I’m right here, proud and confident. I don’t need to lean against anything and I can stand alone. I’ve got my feet firmly planted on the ground and my legs are wide enough to ‘show off my junk’ (genitals) and form a wide base.”

Variant: Related to Arms Akimbo, Cowboy Pose Stance, Broadside Display or Chest Protrusion.

Cue In Action: While presenting to the audience, Dave commanded respect by taking up lots of room and using his arms freely. When he wasn’t on the stage, he often stood at ease with his legs apart, flat and even across his feet. He appeared to be confident and in control.

Meaning and/or Motivation: The dominant stance is one that depicts confidence and authority.

Cue Cluster: The dominant stance can be coupled with expansive movements such as arms gesticulating, arms over the back of a chair, or out and relaxed, shoulders up and back, head held high, arms out and relaxed, legs apart. The greater the area the body takes up, the more dominant the body language.

Body Language Category: Authoritative body language, Crotch display, Dominant body language, Leadership body language, Relaxed body language.

Resources:

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Aggressive body language, Amplifier, Anger body language, Attentive body language, Authoritative body language, Confident body language, Courtship display, Dominant body language, High confidence body language, Indicator of interest (IoI), Leadership body language, Liking, Rapport or rapport building

Body Language of Direct Eye Contact

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Body Language of Direct Eye Contact

BodyLanguageProjectCom - Direct Eye ContactCue: Direct Eye Contact

Synonym(s): Eye Contact

Description: Eyes that meet someone else’s (versus looking away or at the mouth, chin, or body).

In One Sentence: Direct eye contact signals to others that one is intently listening and focused on the person whose eyes they have met.

How To Use it: Use direct eye contact to signal that you are dominant and can withstand reciprocal eye contact without wavering. Alternatively, use eye contact in dating to signal sexual interest. While with friends, eye contact can also send a warm glow when it is not done in a piercing fashion. Various cultures use direct eye contact in different ways – therefore, it would pay to be conscious of these social norms when traveling.

Context: a) General, b) Dating.

Verbal Translation: “I’m interested in you and I want you to know that so my eyes are meeting yours.”

Variant: Eyes are an important source of information; see other eye cues for more details. See Friendly Social Gaze, Staring or The Evil Eye, Gaze Omission, Gazing Adoringly, Intimate Gaze (The) or Triangular Gaze Pattern.

Cue In Action: When speaking, the lovers made frequent eye contact.

Meaning and/or Motivation: An indication of active honest listening. Practiced liars feign eye contact to study whether or not a lie is being rejected or accepted. In a dating context, direct eye contact is a sign of interest. The meaning of direct eye contact is hugely varied and one should look at the associated cues to determine the true intent of direct eye contact.

Eye contact can be piercing and studied, an attack, or alluring and coy such as gazing. See variants for more specific meaning of eye contact.

Cue Cluster: Varied depending on context.

Body Language Category: Amplifier, Arousal, Attentive, Aggressive body language, Anger, Authoritative body language, Courtship display, Confident, Dominant body language, High confidence body language, Indicator of interest (IoI), Leadership body language, Liking, Rapport or rapport building.

Resources:

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Authoritative body language, Confident body language, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, High confidence body language, High confidence hand displays, Leadership body language

The Hidden Meaning Behind The Bonaparte Posture

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The Hidden Meaning Behind The Bonaparte Posture

BodyLanguageProjectCom - BonapartCue: Bonaparte (the)

Synonym(s): Clasping Inside Of Jacket With Thumbs Up.

Description: A posture done by clasping the inside of the jacket edge with thumb up and placing the other hand in the pocket.

In One Sentence: Displaying the thumbs from the edges of the coat demonstrates high pride and confidence.

How To Use it: Use this posture to showcase your pride. It is effectively used when trying to show others that you are in control, dominant, but also superior. Therefore it must be used with caution or will appear as smug. The posture is well suited to business context or while debating since it dismisses your opponents arguments while simultaneously showing supreme confidence.

Context: Business or General.

Verbal Translation: “I’m here, proud and in charge.”

Variant: See Military Man or Regal Stance, Cowboy Pose Stance, Arms Akimbo, Arms Crossed With Thumbs Up, Thumb Hiding, Thumb Displays or Thumbs Up Posture.

Cue In Action: The lawyer posed for his company photograph by flexing the thumbs out clasping the edge of his overly expensive suit.

Meaning and/or Motivation: It is a thumbs up or thumbing gesture as it exposes them for all to see. Exposing the thumbs is a sign that a person feels confident and lacks timidity. This is a cue usually done by men of status and authority. It was made popular by the French military and political leader Napolean Bonaparte.

Cue Cluster: Coupled with the Bonaparte posture is a proud disposition include head held high and back, chin out, relaxed swaying torso but with a rigid upright posture.

Body Language Category: Confident, Dominant body language, Authoritative body language, Expansive movements, High confidence body language, High confidence hand displays, Leadership body language.

Resources:

Andric, Michael ; Solodkin, Ana ; Buccino, Giovanni ; Goldin-Meadow, Susan ; Rizzolatti, Giacomo ; Small, Steven L. Brain function overlaps when people observe emblems, speech, and grasping. Neuropsychologia, 2013, Vol.51(8), pp.1619-1629

Allen, Jill; Sarah J. Gervais and Jessi L. Smith. Sit Big to Eat Big: The Interaction of Body Posture and Body Concern on Restrained Eating. Psychology of Women Quarterly 2013. 37(3): 325-336. DOI: 10.1177/0361684313476477pwq.sagepub.com
http://bodylanguageproject.com/articles/sit-big-to-eat-big-how-constrictive-postures-reduce-food-consumption/

Arnette, S. L., & Pettijohn, T. F., II. (2012). The effects of posture on self-perceived leadership. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3, 8–13.

Bohns, Vanessa K. and Scott S. Wiltermuth. It Hurts When I Do This (Or You Do That): Posture And Pain tolerance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 2012. 48: 341-345.
http://bodylanguageproject.com/articles/dominant-and-submissive-postures-affects-more-than-public-perception-it-also-affects-felt-pain-and-physical-strength/

Briñol, P., Petty, R. E., & Wagner, B. (2009). Body posture effects on self-evaluation: A self-validation approach. European Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 1053–1064.

Chandler, Jesse ; Schwarz, Norbert. How extending your middle finger affects your perception of others: Learned movements influence concept accessibility. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 2009. 45(1): 123-128.
http://bodylanguageproject.com/articles/how-extending-the-middle-finger-affects-perception/

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http://bodylanguageproject.com/articles/benefits-power-posing-high-stakes-performance/

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Cuddy, A. J. C., Wilmuth, C., Yap, A. J., & Carney, D. R. (in press). Preparatory power posing affects nonverbal presence and job interview performance. Journal of Applied Psychology.

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Yap, Andy J. Abbie S. Wazlawek, Brian J. Lucas, Amy J. C. Cuddy, Dana R. Carney. The Ergonomics of Dishonesty: The Effect of Incidental Posture on Stealing, Cheating, and Traffic Violations, 24(11); 2281-2289.
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Authoritative body language, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, Gravity defying body language, High confidence body language, Indicator Of Sexual Interest (IOsI), Leadership body language, Open body language, Power play, Threat displays

The Body Language of Body Raising or Body Elevating

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The Body Language of Body Raising or Body Elevating

BodyLanguageProjectCom - Body Raising 3Cue: Body Raising

Synonym(s): Body Elevating, Raising The Body, Standing Tall, Erect Body Posture.

Description: Any action that raises the body in relation to others.

In One Sentence: Body raising is a way to appear more dominant and authoritative.

How To Use it: Use body raising when you want to show that you are in command of a situation. A stage is a good example of the power of raising the body. Make-shift stages in life include the front stoop of a house. To intimidate solicitors simple take on a higher body position by raising one step higher. When friends appear at your front stoop, you may wish to “level the playing field” by taking on the same step height. When gaining a height advantage is not as easily manipulated (you are short, they are tall) taking on a seated position will help create a more even level. Likewise, standing over taller people as they sit has the same effect. Whatever the case, use height to create the illusion of dominance.

Context: a) General b) Dating, c) Business

Verbal Translation: a) c) “I’m raising my body in effort to be viewed as a threat and source of authority so you listen and obey me.” b) “I’m raising my body so you see me as more attractive.”

Variant: Variants include an increase in relative height by overall body and posture, the head raised high for example, standing up from a seated position, or forcing other people to sit. See Body Lowering for opposite cue.

Cue In Action: a) Instead of asking his suspect to get out of the car, the officer, kept him in the car and peered down at him from his standing position to maintain his position of authority. b) Because he was short, he would always be sure to approach women seated rather than standing to appear more dominant.

Meaning and/or Motivation: A technique whereby a person takes a higher position relative to another to show that they wish to dominate. Status and dominance are closely related to the relative height of a person. This is why people are naturally seen as leaders when they are taller rather than when they are shorter.

Height can be artificially raised with high heels or special footwear for men, by using situation specific features such as staircases, using chairs which are taller or elevated platforms. We habitually see judges high on their bench so as to command authority over their court.

Cue Cluster: Body raising is usually associated with other dominant cues such as head held high, an upright posture, expansive movements of the arms and legs such as arms akimbo, genital framing in the cowboy pose, strong eye contact, leaning in so as to intimidate and so forth.

Body Language Category: High confidence body language, Threat displays, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, Gravity defying body language, Indicators of sexual interest (IOsI), Leadership body language, Open body language, Power play, Authoritative body language.

Resources:

Aviezer, Hillel; Ran R. Hassin; Jennifer Ryan; Cheryl Grady; Josh Susskind; Adam Anderson; Morris Moscovitch and Shlomo Bentin. Angry, Disgusted, or Afraid? Studies on the Malleability of Emotion Perception. Psychological Science. 2008. 19(7): 724-732.
http://bodylanguageproject.com/articles/emotions-read-context-study/

Aggarwal, Pankaj and Min Zhao. Seeing the Big Picture: The Effect of Height on the Level of Construal. Journal of Marketing Research, forthcoming; 2014
http://bodylanguageproject.com/articles/height-embodies-thinking-height-marketing/

Adams, E.S., Mesterton-Gibbons, M., 1995. The cost of threat displays and the stability of deceptive communication. J. Theor. Biol. 175, 405–421.

Boyson, A. R., Pryor, B., & Butler, J. (1999). Height as power in women. North American Journal of Psychology, 1, 109–114.

Burgoon, J. K., & Hoobler, G. (2002). Nonverbal signals. In M. L. Knapp & J. A. Daly (Eds.), Handbook of interpersonal communication (3rd ed., pp. 240–299). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Burgoon, J. K., Johnson, M. L., & Koch, P. T. (1998). The nature and measurement of interpersonal dominance. Communication Monographs, 65, 308–335.

Bohns, Vanessa K. and Scott S. Wiltermuth. It Hurts When I Do This (Or You Do That): Posture And Pain tolerance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 2012. 48: 341-345.
http://bodylanguageproject.com/articles/dominant-and-submissive-postures-affects-more-than-public-perception-it-also-affects-felt-pain-and-physical-strength/

Brin, Pablo and Oli Richard. Body Posture Effects On Self-Evaluation: A self-Validation Approach. European Journal of Social Psychology. 2009; 39: 1053–1064.

Carney, D. R., Hall, J. A., & LeBeau, L. S. (2005). Beliefs about the nonverbal expression of social power. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 29, 105–123.

Eddie Harmon-Jones and Carly K. Peterson. Supine Body Position Reduces Neural Response to Anger. Association for Psychological Science. 2009; 20 (10): 1209-1210.
http://bodylanguageproject.com/articles/supine-body-posture-reduces-aggression/

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Authoritative body language, Enthusiasm (nonverbal), Gesticulation, Illustrator, Leadership body language, Palm power

The Hidden Meaning Baton Gestures Or Hand Chop Gesture Body Language

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The Hidden Meaning Baton Gestures Or Hand Chop Gesture Body Language

BodyLanguageProjectCom - Baton GesturesCue: Baton Gestures

Synonym(s): Hand Chop Gesture, Power Grip, Thumb In Hand Gesture.

Description: A motion done with the hands to emphasize points in speech sometimes in rhythm with each word. It is made by balling up the fist and repeatedly and rhythmically batoning it against the palm of the other hand, or the table, as an axe would fall against a log.

In One Sentence: Batoning is a gesture done by moving the hand up and down in conjunction with speech – usually important points in speech.

How To Use it: Batoning is effectively used when addressing a crowd as it can provide emphasis to certain key words or ideas. By moving the hand up and down with each important point it serves to ‘drive the point home.’ Imagine the hand like the head of a hammer coming down as ideas are expressed. Use batoning when you want to show passion, be it in business, or in debate amongst friends.

Context: Business or General

Verbal Translation: “I’m going to hammer my point home by beating it into your brain… one, word, at, a, time!”

Variant: The hand might be palm down, or palm vertical, or balled into a fist.

Cue In Action: Bill Clinton made the batoning motion famous as he emphasized nearly each word in his denial speech against his involvement with Monica Lewinsky “I did not, have, sexual, relations, with, that, women.” as his arm pumped up and down.

Other examples include Adolf Hitler as he gestured his followers into submission and television evangelists who forcefully hammer their words onto others.

Meaning and/or Motivation: The thumb in hand or baton gesture is the “politicians gesture” since it is frequently used by various presidents and world leaders and is a less offensive way to accomplish what would otherwise be left to finger pointing.

It is designed to be a conversation ender – to be the last word spoken. It is highly authoritative in effort to add emphasis to a thought or idea. A baton or chop adds emotion to the words it is attached to. It is habitually done by powerful people who have the floor and are in charge. A person using a power grip wants to appear strong, serious, and forceful.

The type of illustrators used vary by culture and also vary in frequency. Latin cultures for example, will use more illustrators than Anglo-Saxon cultures, and they in turn, use more than Asian cultures. In business, the differences between cultures are especially important since Asian cultures might see the use of illustrators as a lack of intelligence if used too frequently and in Latin cultures it might be construed as a lack of interest or involvement to use too few.

Cue Cluster: The baton gesture is usually coupled with other authoritative and leadership body language such as a booming voice to further emphasize words, sprawled and expansive movements and other open and dominant body language.

Body Language Category: Illustrator, Palm power, Leadership body language, Enthusiasm (nonverbal), Authoritative body language, Gesticulation.

Resources:

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Authoritative body language, Confident body language, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, Gravity defying body language, High confidence body language, Leadership body language, Up nonverbals

Body Language of Bad Posture

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Body Language of Bad Posture

BodyLanguageProjectCom - Bad Posture 1Cue: Bad Posture.

Synonym(s): Slouching Posture, Slumped Posture, Poor Posture.

Description: Bad posture happens when the joints are bent, the spine is misaligned and twisted and the person is not able to optimally balance the mass of the body over its framework.

In One Sentence: Bad posture signifies a lack of overall confidence and can indicate a person’s past history of failure.

How To Use it: Bad posture is universally negative and should be avoided generally. However, one might use bad posture to show that ones is apathetic to the situation such as when one is trying to feign fatigue and does not have the energy for a specific task that one wishes to avoid. A bad posture can garner sympathy from others and be useful in dropping or reducing punishment as people assume that one has already suffered enough.

Context: General.

Verbal Translation: “Because life has treated poorly I hold a defeated, slumped over posture indicating my discomfort, lack of self esteem and misery.”

Variant: See Cocooning, Slouching, Body Raising, Erect Posture or Good Posture.

Cue In Action: Mark carried himself poorly. His shoulders hunched over, his head drooped and hung low. You just knew looking at him that he had experienced grief and depression. He really let life get the best of him and he obviously didn’t know how to take control of his circumstances.

Meaning and/or Motivation: Bad posture means that the bones are not aligned properly throughout the body making the muscles work overtime.

Posture is a term derived from the Latin verb “ponere” meaning “to put in place” and refers to the way the body is held including the arms, legs and spine. Posture refers not only to the erectness of our bodies, but also to our body orientation, direction of lean, and the degree to which our bodies are open and inviting.

Posture tells us a lot about a person and their history and feelings about themselves and how they feel about others. For example, shoulders hunched carries negative sentiments whereas shoulders back mean confidence. Posture can give way to feelings of like or dislike, interest or disinterest as well as many other sentiments.

Postural tonus is a term referring to the relative rigidity and erectness of the body and its overall posture. A “slopper” holds his shoulders rounded and head hanging downward proving to be depressed, drowsy or ill whereas “the scout” carries himself fully erect with shoulders back and head held high depicting confidence and good spirit. Having an erect posture is a sign of high confidence, strength and vigor. People with erect postures are seen as leaders, content and positive. Contrast erect posture with a slouched or limp posture.

Cue Cluster: Other positive cues are associated with a slumped posture such as weak or non-existent eye contact, little or no affect, expressionless faces or grimacing, dropping eyes, and so forth.

Body Language Category: Authoritative body language, Confident body language, Dominant body language, Expansive movements, Gravity defying body language, High confidence body language, Leadership body language, Up nonverbals.

Resources:

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